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| Giving application to the physical
law by means of which the warm air tends to climb with regard to the coldest, an ideal system of general ventilation will
have an air entry in his low(lower) part, at level of the soil, in such a way that the cold air of entry at first affects
on the persons in the enclosure, be mixed by the air of the place and between then in contact by the warm surfaces, warming
up, climbing and escaping for the gaps located in the top part of the same place. |
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The process of ventilation can be
of two types: native ó mechanics.
The natural ventilation has very limited applications and it is according to domineering
winds out of the building(edifice) and temperatures inside the building(edifice) lower than the status of 95°F - 100°F (35°C
- 37.7°C).
The mechanical ventilation is designed to realize one or both of the following functions:
To control
smells, to support acceptable levels of O2 and CO, and to provide the air quantities of supply and of leakage needed by the
processes inside an area.
To support the temperatures of the space (as much as it is possible without air conditioning)
to a specific temperature of design.
The System of Ventilation Wind GM is of the mechanical
type and it fulfills two functions above(up) enunciated for this type of system of ventilation.
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| How is the Ventilation related
under control of the thermal ambience? |
In the industries with heat production,
where the areas are in general big and the population density is low, it is necessary to remove the heat and to support the
conditions inside tolerable limits.
The measures that must take for the control of the exhibitions for heat in warm
industries it changes from one plant to other one.
In the industries with dry heat, the problem is of sensitive excessive
heat, and in those of humid heat, it is for latent excessive heat and moisture.
In both cases the System of Extraction
Wind GM constitutes an effective solution of ventilation to exercise the control of the thermal
ambience in his place.
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| What are the principal effects
of the high temperatures in the organism? |
When the heat transferred by the
organism to the environment is lower than the heat got or produced by the entire metabolism, the organism it tends to increase
his temperature, and to avoid this hipertermia (increase of the temperature of the body),
starts other mechanisms between which we can quote:
Blood Vasodilatación: increase
of the heat exchange.
Activation (opening) of the glands sudoríparas: increase of the
heat exchange for change of the state(condition) of the perspiration of liquid to steam.
Increase of the blood peripheral
circulation. It can come to 2,6 litros/min/m2.
Consequences of the hipertermia:
Disorders
psiconeuróticos
Systematical disorders:
Cramp for heat
Depletion for calor:Deficiencia
circulatory, dehydration, desalination, anhidrosis
Heatstroke (hyperpyrexia)
Disorders
in the skin
Eruption (milaria rubra)
Burns (due to
the ultraviolet radiations) |
| What so much does the man tolerate
the different thermal conditions that him(her,you) make a detour? |
The tolerance humanizes to the thermal
conditions that surround them, can be defined in three sets of environmental situations.
Neutral area: Permissible
or of comfort it will happen(exist) in situations in which the thermal balance is independent from the external ambience.
The work continued along a day of eight hours, can be carried out in absence of risk for the health and the comfort.
Compensatory
area: The thermal balance is supported for physiological compensatory mechanisms. The persons who are in this situation can
remain long periods.
Area of Intolerance: In this area the balance is not possible and therefore, the exhibition will
be limited in the time. In these circumstances the worker only must remain short periods of time and under controlled situations.
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| What variables intervene in the
thermal exchange? |
The variables that intervene in the
thermal exchange have diverse origins and the thermal charges can qualify based on diverse concepts:
In the epoch:
Summer, Winter.
For the origin: Day pupils (they have his origin out of the building(edifice)), You Intern(Hospitalize,Send
inland) (they have his origin inside the building(edifice)).
For the way of being evident(demonstrating): Sensitive
(it modifies only the dry temperature of the place), latent (it modifies the absolute moisture of the place).
The
principal variables that intervene in the thermal exchange grouped in physiological and environmental functions would be:
1. Physiological functions:
Circulatory peripheral capacity of the blood.
Acclimatization to the heat.
Aptitude to sweat.
2. Environmental functions:
Temperature of the air: that produces heat exchange
for convection.
Radiant energy: it does not have calorific valuable effect but it warms the bodies.
The state(condition)
higométrico of the air: that determines the aptitude of the air to accept steam of the water.
Speed of the air on the surface of the skin.
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| How to eliminate the Heat? |
The heat elimination in the man is
limited, depending on the environmental conditions or on the type of garment(dress). When the thermal balance cannot be supported
because the organism is not capable of eliminating the heat that receives, there takes place(is produced) a progressive accumulation
that it will do that there tends to increase the corporal temperature, the cardiac rhythm and the sudoración.
The
fundamental factor in the heat elimination is the temperature of the skin. In turn the temperature of the skin depends almost
entirely on the blood circulation. The competition between the functions of the blood of transport of oxygen and heat transport,
tells the decrease of the working capacities physicist of a person exposed to the heat.
In the heat control panel it
is tried to eliminate or to displace calorific energy, with them there are carried out modifications that correct the thermal
load in the places of work. The warm air tends to climb, forming a column, which in the buildings(edifices) with gaps in the
roof can be canalized up to the exterior.
This process is clearly optimized by the System of Ventilation Wind GM.
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| Applications of the wind extractors.
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Stores of volatile products
Not
volatilizan the stored products, diminishing the risks of fires, the gases and smells being
eliminated.
Stores of pharmaceutical products
The medicines survive perfectly.
Application of paintings
At
correct levels of moisture in the application of paintings in spray or with electrostatic processes the static electricity
is eliminated and there diminishes the entry of dust that provokes costly rejections.
The result is a finished Superior
and a reduction in the quantity of used painting.
Graphic arts
A temperature and a correct content of moisture will
support the resistance of the role(paper) and will make it less fragile.
The too dry role(paper) is loaded by facility
of static electricity that makes his manipulation difficult. Assuring a constant level of moisture during his process of impression
the properties of the role(paper) are supported reducing the risk of errors and a saving of the inks of impression.
Bingoes
and rooms of game
Comfortable temperatures. There are eliminated completely the smokes(airs) of the tobacco and smells.
Commercial
centers
Very comfortable ambience for clients and clerks.
The vegetables, fruits or other food support a good conservation.
Disappearance
of smells and insects.
The wooden furniture do not suffer alterations of any type.
Electronic components and computers
The
static electricity represents a threat for the electronic modern circuits.
A level of moisture controlled will support
the areas of work without annoying discharges of static electricity.
Discotheques
Comfortable temperatures with
rapid and constant elimination of smokes(airs) and smells.
Factories of dressmaking(tailoring)
Very comfortable
temperatures with rapid and constant elimination of smokes(airs) and smells.
Factories of packings and plastic
There
are eliminated the dust, particles and insects that could lodge in the same ones, arranging a temperature ambience for the
very comfortable personnel.
Factories of flour(meal)
The dragging of the grain does by means of the air. This air,
which takes of the place, for being too dry, makes the grinding difficult. Equally on having packed the sacks of role(paper),
these break for lack of moisture in the ambience both disadvantages remain eliminated.
Smeltings
The excessive heat
and the smokes(airs) are eliminated in the factories.
Factories of role(paper)
The packings do not break after a
relative appropriate moisture is obtained. Very agreeable(pleasant) temperature for the personnel.
Industry of the
wood
Supporting the content of moisture of the wood in certain levels, this one preserves his stability and facilitates
the consistency in the process of manipulation with the minimal expense.
High levels of moisture suppose the added benefit
of reducing the static electricity and the dust, creating also an ambience of more comfortable work.
Food and agriculture
industry
The fruits and the vegetables support his freshness and also his price on having minimized the loss of weight
thanks to high levels of moisture in the ambience.
Museums and churches
Supporting the constant moisture possible
damages get ready in valuable objects as(like) painting or furniture caused normally by contractions in his volume.
Wine
vaults of the metallurgical sector
There is eliminated the heat produced by machines, stoves, etc., as well as smokes(airs)
and gases and increase of productiveness on having had comfortable temperatures. The machines hardware work with accuracy
on having had a temperature ambience suitable.
Agriculture and fishing
The losses are avoided by heat excess. Reproduction
and fattening in an ideal ambience for the animals without bad smells or insects. Increase of the production.
Room
of machines or cogeneration
Solution to the problems created by excess of heat and increase of the yield of the turbines
or engines of combustion.
Self-propelling workshops
Comfortable temperatures for clients and workers. Gas elimination
of leakage.
Schools and educational centers
Very comfortable temperatures with rapid and constant elimination of
smokes(airs) and smells. |
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